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In the 1500s, Spain and France expanded their wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies, primarily in the Americas. Spain focused on extracting precious metals like gold and silver from its colonies, particularly in present-day Mexico and Peru, which significantly boosted its economy. France, while initially slower to colonize, developed lucrative trade networks in fur and other resources, especially in Canada and the Caribbean. This competition for resources and territory laid the groundwork for ongoing European imperial ambitions and rivalries.

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