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They weren't. The French provoked the war, alarmed by growing German strength and the possibility of the unification of the hundreds of German city-states into a single, powerful nation. The unification of Germany and Italy into nations upset the careful balance of power created by the "Concert of Vienna", the peace settlement following the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Provoking the war with Prussia proved to be a major mistake for France, as they lost the war they started and had to cede Alsace and Lorraine to the victor. This did not stop the French from burning for revenge for the next forty years, laying the groundwork for the First World War. This thirst for revenge and for the recovery of the lost provinces of Alsace and Lorraine also perverted French strategic planning into an unrealistic reliance on the power of the spirited offensive, which the French followed in 1914 when the chance for revenge came, costing the lives of hundreds of thousands of French soldiers in the early months of WWI, to no purpose whatsoever.

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