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Firstly, Greece did not exist as a country. It was an ethnic group of over 2,000 independent city-states spread around the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Each had its own allies and acted according to its own interests at any time. During the 450s BCE the Athenians sent an expeditionary force to support an Egyptian revolt against the Persian Empire which then ruled Egypt. After an initial success, Athens lost the whole expedition when it was trapped in the marshes and had to surrender. Eventually Macedonia took over Egypt under Alexander the great, and when his empire split up after his death, his general Ptolemy took over Egypt as its king, opposing the other generals who took over Greece and Asia Minor. This opposition continued until Augustus incorporated them all into the Roman Empire.

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9y ago

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