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¶ Perhaps one of the most common myths is that the Middle Ages had a lot of witch hunts. There were very few witch prosecutions, and possibly no witch hunts at all in the Middle Ages. Witch hunts happened, but after the Middle Ages ended. (See related link on Witch Hunts.)

¶ One myth is that people were dirty. And another is that they lived in filthy environments. People of the Middle Ages were usually very clean and did not allow foul odors to persist because they believed bad air was a disease vector. (Please see related question on medieval people and being clean.)

¶ There is the myth that women had no rights. Wrong. (Please see the related question on rights of women.)

¶ Another related myth is that peoples marriages were arranged, and yet another is that they always married young. Most medieval women married after they had a chance to put together a dowry and chose their own husbands. (Please see related question on medieval marriage.)

¶ One common myth is that punishments for crimes were invariably harsh. In many places, the primary goal of justice was to compensate victims. (Please the related question on crime and punishment.)

¶ It is a myth that they heated with and cooked at fireplaces; since chimneys were not invented until the 12th century and were very expensive after that, most people of the middle ages never saw a fireplace. People used open hearths, and so they cooked outside, if they could. Ovens were very often communal and outdoors. (Please see the related question on medieval people cooking.)

¶ There is the myth of a right of prima noctis (the idea that the lord got to sleep with a woman on her wedding night), which is complete rubbish. Can you imagine the Church putting up with that? Earliest evidence of the idea comes from the late Renaissance. (Please see the related link on prima noctis.)

¶ It is a myth that the Church controlled all education. It is also a myth that women did not learn to read. There were secular schools, education in vernacular language. In fact we have a list of about 20 female troubadours of the 12th and 13th centuries who wrote music and lyrics in the Occitan language alone. Please see the related question on education.)

¶ There is a myth that the pope was more powerful than any kings, or that the Church was more powerful than any state. The weaker popes were very often pushed around by kings and emperors. (Please see the related question on the power of popes.)

¶ The idea that all society was made up of feudal monarchies is a myth. It was not. (Please see the related question on medieval republics.)

¶ Somehow people have got the idea that medieval women never did anything but do the housework and have babies. These women rocked! (Please see the related question on what medieval women did.)

¶ One huge myth was that there was no progress in science and technology in the middle ages. (Please see the related question on medieval inventions.)

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