That depends on who you mean by "they", since each country had its own language and dialects; in England the aristocracy spoke Norman French for hundreds of years, with the bulk of the population first speaking Old English and then Middle English, or Kernowek if they happened to live in Cornwall - or Manx if they happened to live on the Isle of Man. Each language had its own term for the area we call Europe.
In Old English the term cristendÅm was used to mean all countries observing the Christian religion, which meant most of Europe. This became Cristendom in Middle English.
The people of Europe were often called Franks or Latins by the Muslim Saracens, but the concept of a unified Europe was still many hundreds of years in the future - a French, Flemish or German knight did not consider himself European, but French, Flemish or German.
After the fall of the Roman Empire (in the west) Europe was in what we call the Dark Ages, and during this time science (and most everything else) was inferior to what the Romans had had. It took a long time to regain Roman technology but at some point during the Medieval times we began catching up to them.
A pub
the people of the medieval times called their wives "wife, women" or by their real name.
Henry VIII was the King of England in the Tudor era, which was later that what we would call medieval times.
The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.
Serfs.
After the fall of the Roman Empire (in the west) Europe was in what we call the Dark Ages, and during this time science (and most everything else) was inferior to what the Romans had had. It took a long time to regain Roman technology but at some point during the Medieval times we began catching up to them.
A pub
A teenager who customarily served as a knight's attendant during Medieval times was called a squire.
the people of the medieval times called their wives "wife, women" or by their real name.
Heralds
I suppose you would call them a tailor.
they were called serfs
Henry VIII was the King of England in the Tudor era, which was later that what we would call medieval times.
The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.The epidemic that we call the Black Death or the Black Plague occurred well after the fall of Rome in Medieval times. However ancient Rome did have several outbreaks of plague and it was one of the reasons that he wealthy liked to get out of the city during the heat of the summer.
Yes, there were at least some Gypsies in medieval Europe, though how many depends on what you mean. For some people, the Gypsies are the same as the Romani. Other people regard anyone who lives a nomadic or itinerant lifestyle as Gypsies. It is perhaps better to refer to the Romani as Romani, and the other groups as Travellers, since Gypsy is not really a correct name for either, as it originally meant Egyptians, which is not accurately applied to anyone of either group. Itinerant people, vagabonds, jugglers, minstrels, wandering monks and priests, knights back from war, lost pilgrims, tinkers, aimless traders, and so on, have been active in Europe all along. They clearly are present in medieval literature, and were useful for getting information to one place or another. Sometimes they were employed by noblemen as spies. Often they were employed as musicians, if they had the skill. So Gypsies of this type, if you want to call them that, were always around. The Romani moved into Europe during the Late Middle Ages, beginning in the 14th century, perhaps. They joined other groups of travellers. They were present in Europe in rather small numbers during the last hundred years or so of the medieval times.
Today we call it anti-Semitism. At that time, the phrase hadn't yet been coined.