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The Soviet Union really started to change in 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev was elected as the General Secretary of the Communist Party. Since the Russian revolutions in 1917, the Soviet Union, a communist country, was born. Individuals were ruled by a row of dictators who disallowed the very freedoms of democracy including; the right to free speech; the right of a free press; the right to assemble; and the right of religion. The Economy was socialized as the government dictated what is needed and where it was needed. Mikhail came into a very stagnant economy where many Russians were literally "drunk." He knew in order to change the economy, he also had to change the political climate, and the freedoms needed to run a market economy. His bold plan started in 1987. He dismantled the Soviet Union, as one nation after another declared it's independence from the Soviet Union either peacefully or through violent succession. In 1990, Gorbachev was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for ending the "Cold War" between the Soviet Union and the western nations. In 1991, the only part of the Soviet Union to rule was Russia. It held it's first free elections where a populist named Boris Yeltsin (1931-2007) became the first democratically elected President under the new name of the country "The Russian Federation." He was President from 1991-1999.

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