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Germany has always been politically fractured; the modern German state was founded only in 1871 under Prussian domination. Before this time, "Germany" was a territorial or regional concept that included hundreds of principalities and kingdoms, from Austria and Bavaria to Westphalia and Bremen. Even today, the modern Federal Republic of Germany is a decentralized federal state where the constituent states or Laender wield great political and cultural autonomy from the central government.

Had the German states never unified in 1871, Prussia and Austria would have still remained the two leading German-speaking countries of Central Europe--one could imagine that, in fact, very little would have been different without German unification in 1871.

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17y ago

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