Hellenistic refers to the period of ancient Greek history and culture that followed the conquests of Alexander the great, roughly from 323 BCE to 30 BCE. This era is characterized by the spread of Greek culture across the Mediterranean and Near East, resulting in a blending of Greek and local traditions. The Hellenistic period saw advancements in art, science, philosophy, and politics, with notable figures such as Euclid, Archimedes, and Epicurus emerging during this time. It ultimately ended with the rise of the Roman Empire.