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In Western Europe, Roman Catholic Christianity was the only religion accepted on a large scale. Judaism was little tolerated, and many Jews practiced in secret. Paganism was considered a heresy punishable by death and also had to be practiced in secret, as was any kind of non-Catholic Christianity. Islam was also considered a heresy, except in southern Spain and parts of Eastern Europe where the Muslims held political control. The Muslims tolerated Christianity and Judaism but had no tolerance for paganism. In Eastern Europe, Orthodox Christianity was as intolerant toward other religions as Catholicism was in Western Europe.

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15y ago

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