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The Warren Court (1953-1969) is nearly synonymous with the concept of "judicial activism," typically considered a pejorative and criticism of a liberal Court attempting to advance social policy. The Roberts Court, while conservative, is equally guilty of judicial activism when it overturns humanitarian precedents in preference to legal decisions favoring the federal government and large corporations.

Earl Warren's legacy was the end of racial segregation, the death of Jim Crow laws, changes in criminal procedure, enhanced voter rights, reapportionment of political districts, protection of freedom of speech, pronouncement of a right to privacy, and restriction of government-subsidized religious activity. These changes were primarily accomplished by selective incorporation of the Bill of Rights to the states via the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause.

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