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1948.

Originally Korea was a ruled by kingship, then Japan annexed Korea from 1919 to 1945. After Japanese surrender in 1945, the country was occupied by former Soviet Union and the US. There was discussion among winners of WWII about what to do about Korea. The former Soviet Union want to get the trusteeship of Korea in order to expand communism influence, but the US wanted to get the trusteeship of Korea in order to contain communism. So to each side's concession, the former Soviet Union occupied north of 38th latitude line, and US occupied south of 38th latitude line - half and half. Although the country initially hoped to be unified as was before Japanese occupation, the country's political climate was strongly divided along that line due to each occupied area established temporary government according to the country that was occupied and the tension of cold war between Soviet Union and the US. There were also factions within politics of Korea who were opposed to each other, namely communism or free constitutional republic. Finally, 3 years later when official government was established, North Korea's government became communism, and South Korea quickly fell under the Dictatorship of Syngman Rhee.

By the way official name of each Korea reflect this as well.

Democratic People's Republic of Korea = Korea DPR = North Korea

Republic of Korea = Korea Republic = South Korea

EDIT

Note that during Japanese occupation, Kim Il Sung (first leader of North Korea), supposedly a leader of a Korean anti-Japanese guerrilla unit, was already a communist inspired leader.

Note that communism is not a type of government but instead a socio-economic theory. It is also inappropriate to say that North Korea embraced communism due to the fact that communism calls for the absence of government which no nation in history has had. Therefore it would be correct to say that North Korea's government initially began as a Communist-inspired Dictatorship.
North Korea has been communist since it was founded in 1948

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