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Different parts of North Africa were annexed as Roman provinces at different times.

Rome took over Carthage's territory in Tunisia and western Libya (Tripolitania) when she won the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It became the roman province of Africa Proconsularis or Africa Vetus (old Africa).

The kingdoms of Numidia (in present day Algeria) and Mauretania (in northern Morocco) had become client states of Rome in 203 BC, towards the end of the Second Punic War. King Bochus II, who had supported Octavian in his civil war against Mark Antony, bequeathed Mauretania to Octavian in 33 BC.

When Julius Caesar defeated his opponent Cato the Younger in Tunisia, he annexed Numidia as the Roman Province of Africa Nova (New Africa). However, Octavian restored Numidia to its king, Juba II, in 29 or 27 BC. In 25 BC Octavian made Juba II king of Mauretania and Numidia was split between Mauretania and the Roman Province of Africa Nova.

Following a rebellion, the annexation of Mauretania was begun by Caligula and completed by Claudius who divided it into two Roman Provinces: Mauretania Caesariensis and Mauretania Tigitana in 40 AD.

Egypt was annexed as the Roman Province of Aegytpus in 30 BC after Octavian defeated Mark Antony and his lover and ally, Cleopatra VII the queen of Egypt in 30 BC.

Eastern Libya (Cyrenaica) was annexed in 20 BC and was merged with Crete to form the Roman province of Crata et Cyrenaica.

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The Romans travel with boat and that is how they invaded places


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