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The first Italian landings were on the island of Sicily, in July 1943, with both British and American troops landing on the southern Sicilian coast at several locations. The Sicilian campaign lasted about six weeks.

After the conquest of Sicily, in September 1943 British troops crossed onto the toe of the Italian boot from Sicily, and other British troops came from Bizerte, Tunisia, in Africa, and landed at Taranto, on the instep. About a week later American troops landed at Salerno, on the shin, about twenty-five miles south of Naples. The day before the American landings Italy surrendered, but the Germans, who were already numerous in Italy, continued to defend against the Allies. The Germans were able to defend the rugged terrain very viciously, so the Allies tried an additional landing behind the German defensive lines in January 1944, coming ashore at Anzio and Nettuno, about twenty-five miles south of Rome.

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