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The first known landing in Australia by Europeans was by Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606. This occurred in what is now known as the Gulf of Carpentaria, in the north of the continent. Specifically, Janszoon and his men came ashore at Pennefather River, on the western shore of the Gulf.
Other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century, and dubbed the continent "New Holland." The first of these was Dirk Hartog, who made landfall at Shark Bay on the western coast in 1616. Abel Tasman discovered the island of Tasmania, which he named Van Diemen's Land, in 1642.
Other European explorers followed until, in 1770 Lieutenant James Cook visited and charted the east coast of Australia.
Having said all that, however, it is believed that the Portuguese were the first to sight - and possibly even land on - the Australian continent, but there are no records within Portugal itself to substantiate the claim. The source for this claim are the Dieppe Maps, which date between 1542 and 1587, and which were drawn up by a group of French cartographers using a Portuguese source. These maps name a large land mass believed to be the Australian continent as Java-la-Grande. There is some speculation that the maps, not being to scale, actually represent an exaggerated western Java, possibly even Vietnam.
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