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Everything was back east (Eastern United States) prior to the US Civil War; lands (territory) west of the Mississippi River (the west) were considered the frontier prior to 1860. Even though California became a state in 1850...the territory between California and the east was simply US territory...not states. California became a state without going thru "US Territory" status because of the Gold Rush of 1849; politicians wanted that gold enriched place called California...even though NO STATE bordered it, nor any territorial governor was ever assigned to Calif. Calif had SEVEN US Military Governors prior to statehood in '50. Translation: Calif was a military region from 1846 (when it was taken from Mexico during the Mexican War of 1846-1848) until the base closures (Fort Ord, Mare Island, Hunter's Point, the Presidio, etc.) of the 1990's when the cold war ended. The primary US Military colleges during the US Civil War (1861-1865) were: 1. US Military Academy at West Point, New York (est. 1802). 2. Virginia Military Institute in Virginia (est. 1839). 3. The Citadel in South Carolina (est. 1842). 4. US Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland (est. 1845).

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