Slavery meant a cheap labour force for their large plantation bases economy.
Slavery was legal when the United States was formed. The southern states became dependent on slavery for cultivating, especially harvesting cotton, when the cotton gin was invented. Because the southern states suffered financially with international debt more than the northern states it was an economic issue that turned into a moral issue.
The idea is called "states rights".
Nullification
Andrew Jackson and John C. Calhoun had fundamentally different views on states' rights, particularly highlighted during the Nullification Crisis. Jackson believed in a strong federal government and opposed any actions that undermined federal authority, such as South Carolina's attempt to nullify federal tariffs. In contrast, Calhoun championed states' rights, advocating for the idea that states could nullify federal laws they deemed unconstitutional. This clash ultimately underscored the tensions between federal and state power in the early 19th century.
The boundary lines between states' rights and the rights of the federal government to pass laws governing the states were made clearer by McCulloch vs. Maryland.
states rights
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This championed states rights and questioned the legality of applying some federal laws in the states.
The idea is called "states rights".
The issue of states' rights was very controversial during the era of segregation: the federal government wanted all Americans to be treated equally, but some states believed they had the right to make their own laws.
There are no rights 'given' to states. States instead have given the federal government certain rights. All others remain with the state.
The states were given all powers not delegated to the federal government in the Constitution. However, there are implied powers that the federal government can use.
Nullification
States rights is allocation of power to the states relative to the federal government. If you give too much power to the states: They become 50 bickering despotisms If you give too much power to the federal govt: We have a Dictatorship
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions.It is the U.S. state governments that were related to the issue of states rights, and not the federal government.
1st admendment
Any of the rights that are not already reserved by the constitution for the federal government.