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King Philip II of Spain, who ruled from 1556 to 1598, is significant for his role in expanding Spanish influence and power during the Spanish Golden Age. He was a staunch defender of Catholicism, leading to conflicts like the Spanish Armada's failed attempt to invade England in 1588. His reign also saw the establishment of Spain as a dominant global empire, with vast territories in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. Additionally, Philip's policies and military campaigns had lasting impacts on European politics, religion, and colonial expansion.

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