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The darker skin color of many Africans is primarily due to higher melanin production, which provides protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. This adaptation evolved in response to the intense sunlight in equatorial regions, where UV exposure is greater. In contrast, populations in Europe and Asia, where sunlight is less intense, have lighter skin, which allows for better vitamin D synthesis in low UV environments. Thus, skin color variations are largely a result of evolutionary adaptations to different environmental conditions.

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4mo ago

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