what is endothecium
The exine, the outer layer of the pollen grain, should be hard to protect the delicate genetic material inside from environmental stresses, such as UV radiation, desiccation, and microbial attack. A tough exine ensures that the pollen can survive the journey to the stigma of a compatible flower, which is crucial for successful fertilization and reproduction. Additionally, a hardened exine aids in the dispersal of pollen by wind or animals, ensuring that it reaches appropriate locations for germination.
The three parts of a pollen grain are the exine (outer layer), intine (inner layer), and the cytoplasm containing the male gametes. The exine is composed of sporopollenin and helps protect the pollen grain during transportation and fertilization.
Sporopollenin is complex compound present in the exine of pollen grains. As such, it can be extracted from pollen grains.
The exine of a pollen grain is not a continuous layer because it has openings called germ pores or colpi, which allow for the entry of pollen tubes during fertilization. These pores are necessary for the reproductive success of the plant as they facilitate the transfer of genetic material from the male gametophyte to the female reproductive structures.
Sporoderm is the outermost protective wall around the pollen grain or microspore. It is made up of many layers. The two main layers are Exine and Intine. Exine is outer while Intine is inner layer of sporoderm.
Sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds.
The seeds on strawberries are seeds.
it is maufactured from seeds. it is maufactured from seeds. it is maufactured from seeds. it is maufactured from seeds. it is maufactured from seeds. it is maufactured from seeds. it is maufactured from seeds.
Some collective nouns for seeds are a sack of seeds, a packet of seeds, a pod of seeds.
Sunflower seeds are edible and there very good for you!
Three foods that are seeds are hemp seeds, chia seeds, and flax seeds.