Hydrothermal vents are commonly found near volcanically active places, areas where tectonic plates are moving apart, ocean basins, and hotspots. Vent organisms depend on chemosynthetic bacteria for food. The water from the hydrothermal vent is rich in dissolved minerals and supports a large population of chemoautotrophic bacteria.
chemoautotrophssulfur
fish
Some archaebacteria, such as thermophiles, live by hydrothermal vents. They are chemoautotrophs, which means that they produce their own food using energy from the chemicals in the vents instead of using energy from the sun. The energy starts in the vent, then goes to the archaebacteria, then to the organisms that eat those archaebacteria, and so on.
Organisms that live in deep-sea hydrothermal vents are an exception as they derive energy from chemical reactions in the absence of sunlight. These organisms, like certain types of bacteria and archaea, use a process called chemosynthesis to convert minerals and chemicals in the vent water into energy for survival.
Organisms which do not rely on the sun for their original energy include chemosynthetic bacteria found in deep sea hydrothermal vents. These bacteria use chemicals like hydrogen sulfide to produce energy through a process similar to photosynthesis, known as chemosynthesis.
sharks and squid
Special bacteria (chemosynthetic bacteria) live there which use the sulfur from the hydrothermal vents to make their own food. Other organisms, such as copepods (and other zooplankton), eat this bacteria. Other organisms, such as snails, shrimp, crabs, tube worms, and fish eat the copepods. Therefore, the number of organisms living in these vent systems are 10,000 times greater than areas in the ocean that do not have hydrothermal vents. These life forms would not be possible without the chemosynthetic bacteria, since sulfur is toxic to almost all other forms of life.
as to the darkness, most, if not all of the organisms there are blind or have a bioluminescent light. As to the organisms that don't have mouths, they most likely get their energy from chemosynthetic bacteria that live inside or on their body.
Yes, tube worms are marine animals that live in the deep ocean near hydrothermal vents. They form colonies around these vents and survive by using chemosynthesis to convert chemicals from the vents into energy.
From ocean chemicals
Bacteria use chemosynthesis. They take the chemicals in the water shooting out of the vents.
hydrogen sulfide