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What does the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle mean?

In any measurement, the product of the uncertainty in position of an object and the uncertainty in its momentum, can never be less than Planck's Constant (actually h divided by 4 pi, but this gives an order of magnitude of this law). It is important to note that this uncertainty is NOT because we lack good enough instrumentation or we are not clever enough to reduce the uncertainty, it is an inherent uncertainty in the ACTUAL position and momentum of the object.


What is the maximum number of p electrons that can exist in any one principle energy level?

There can be a maximum of 6 p electrons in any one principle energy level. This is because there are 3 p orbitals (each holding a maximum of 2 electrons) available in each energy level.


What is certainty and uncertainty in quantum mechanics?

certainty means how are you accurate in measuring a physical quantity. There is always some uncertainty in measuring of any physical quantity . It is given by higenberg's uncertainty principle. Quantum mechanics deals with the physical quantities which have some discreet values. So The measurement is not certain.


The Heisenberg Principle of Uncertainty applies only at the quantum level?

In principle yes, but its effects are completely negligible above the quantum level. The Uncertainty Principle is valid at all levels - but it is only noticeable at the quantum level. For example it is difficult to know both the momentum and location of an electron because the uncertainty of these values is close in magnitude to the real values. x=1 +/- 1 whereas both the momentum and location of the planet Jupiter are known to a very large degree of accuracy because the value of its location is much great than the uncertainty in its location. x=1.5 x 1059 +/- 1 the uncertainty is alway of the same magnitude, you see. (no units to these values as I'm too lazy to look them up or do any sort of conversions)


What are virtual particle pairs?

As I understand it, one has to look at Heisenbergs principle of uncertainty in which he states that 'The more precisely the position of a particle is determined, the less precisely the momentum is known'. Apparantly this concept of uncertainty can be applied to the amount of energy that can be contained in a vacuum. The energy in this vacuum is always constant but due to the uncertainty principle there will always be some uncertainty which will provide access for a 'nonzero energy' to enter that vacuum, and temporarily remain there. Because energy equals matter and the reverse, the uncertainty fluctuations are able to produce 'particle pairs' a particle and anti-particle. Because they cannot be directly measured they are called 'virtual particles'. Professor Hawkings has theorised that if black holes do emit any form of thermal radiation, it might be due to the existence of these particles separating at the event horizon.


Can the exact location of an electron be known at any time y?

The exact location of an electron can not be known. Electrons' locations can be merely estimated. Electron "clouds" or orbitals are general areas where an electron is likely to be found. There is always uncertainty as to where the electron actually is.


Is there is any perfect measurement?

No, no measurement we can ever do will be entirely free of uncertainties. In some measurements the uncertainties might be negligible however. In any best precise & accurate measurement there will be minimum uncertainty equal to h/2pie, that's in accordance to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.


What is the maximum number of s electrons that can exist is any one particular energy level?

The maximum number of s electrons that can exist in any one particular energy level is 2. This is because each s orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons due to the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers.


What are examples of magnetical-magnetical?

Iron cobalt, nickel and their alloys are magnetic; magnetic bars for stirrers, magnetic bars for maximum-minimum thermometers, magnetic souvenirs, etc. are examples of magnets.


What are other principle of logical reasoning?

Because the old principle have any problem .


What momentum and position can't be measured at the same time?

The position and momentum of any sub-atomic particle cannot be measured at the same time due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Simply put, it states that the more we know about one of the two properties, the less we know about the other.


What is Heisenberg's uncertanity principle?

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle concerns electron momentum and position.It states that for any moving particle, its position and its momentum cannot be determined at a same time.Mathematically, the product (dx)(dp) is greater than or equal to h/4(pi)dx = uncertainty in positiondp = uncertainty in momentumh = Planck's constant (6.620 x 10-34 J.s)