14th Amendment
14th
The Fourteenth Amendment, specifically the Equal Protection Clause
Segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment.
It was the 14th amendment that was violated. The 14th amendment guarantees equal protection of the laws for every US citizen. Since racial minorities were being segregated, it was not an equal protection of the law
Plessy's Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendment rights were violated.(ALS)
The court decided that the segregation of students in schools violated the "equal protection clause" of the fourteenth amendment, because separate facilities were obviously unequal.
The Supreme Court prohibited racial gerrymandering in 1993, holding that the practice violated the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause.
The "separate but equal" doctrine is most often held to violate the Fourteenth Amendment, but many have argued it also violates the Thirteenth Amendment by "applying the badge of slavery" to those targeted by segregation laws.
In the court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the primary amendment that was argued to be violated was the Fourteenth Amendment, specifically its Equal Protection Clause. Homer Plessy, who was of mixed race, challenged Louisiana's segregation laws by refusing to leave a "whites-only" railroad car. The Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation was constitutional as long as the separate facilities were "equal," thus upholding the doctrine of "separate but equal" and effectively allowing for racial discrimination.
5th and 14th amendment rights were violated
The Plessy v. Ferguson case primarily involved the 14th Amendment, specifically the Equal Protection Clause. Homer Plessy challenged Louisiana's segregation laws, arguing that they violated his rights under this amendment. The Supreme Court ultimately ruled that racial segregation was constitutional, establishing the "separate but equal" doctrine. This decision upheld state laws permitting racial segregation for nearly six decades until it was overturned by Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.
The 14th amendment was created during the Reconstruction Era of the United States. The amendment was meant to protect US citizenship rights as well as enforce equal protection of laws. By nature, segregation of race in schools violated this amendment.