Sometimes they use their discretion if the laws are not clear or the lines between right and wrong are blurry.
They are supposed to apply the law that is established in that place.
They are applying "case law" to make their decisions.
Precedent cases are those whose principles are used by judges to decide current cases. Judges rely on the decisions and reasoning of prior cases to guide their judgment in similar situations.
Judges are not summoned in the course of normal events. They are appointed or elected to their positions. Judges are assigned to a court and sit whenever there are cases or matters they need to decide on. In many places that is a full time job.
When interpreting legal cases, judges decide what the Constitution means by examining the text of the Constitution, historical context, previous court decisions, and the principles of justice and fairness. They aim to apply the Constitution's principles to the specific facts of the case to reach a fair and just decision.
Australia has no specific law as regards this. It's handled on a cases by cases basis. see links
Judges are in charge of trials and make sure that they are fair. They resolve differences between lawyers. They read the law to decide what lawyers can and can't do.Judges often decide whether a case should go to trial. They also tell juries about the law.To make their decisions, judges research legal issues. Judges also write about their decisions and legal opinions. Sometimes, they ask lawyers or law clerks to help with research.If a person is convicted of a crime, judges decide if they will go to prison and for how long. In civil cases, which involve money but no crime, judges often decide how much money one person must pay another.Judges' duties vary. Some judges deal with cases involving a serious crime, like murder. Other judges decide cases about traffic rules, families, and small amounts of money. Some oversee cases about Social Security benefits, the environment, and many other issues.Judges need to know the law very well. Good judgment and patience are important.Judges do most of their work in offices, law libraries, and courtrooms. Most judges wear robes when they are in a courtroom. Judges often work a 40-hour week. But many work more than 50 hours a week.
A "bench of judges" typically refers to a group of judges who hear and decide cases together in a court. This can be referred to as a "panel" or "court," depending on the jurisdiction and the number of judges involved. In higher courts, such as appellate courts, a bench may consist of three or more judges. The term "full bench" is used when all judges of a court convene to hear a case.
In ancient Rome, judges were typically referred to as "praetors." The praetor was an elected magistrate responsible for administering justice and presiding over legal proceedings. There were different types of praetors, such as the praetor urbanus, who dealt with cases involving citizens, and the praetor peregrinus, who handled cases involving foreign nationals. Additionally, in certain contexts, judges could also be called "iudices," referring to individuals appointed to decide specific cases.
What are federal judges appointed for?
No. He does not decide who wins cases. Under the constitution the judiciary is a separate branch of government. He can change the makeup of the court by appointing judges that agree with his views. By doing the federal court and Supreme Court decisions will influence the cases that they hear.
The High Court in Delhi was established in 1966 following the creation of the Delhi High Court Act in 1965. It has 29 permanent Judges and 19 additional Judges who may act on specific cases or on a temporary basis.