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This question is vague, because "pleading" means many things. It could be the actual document you file, or it could be a specific statement in that document that you plead.

Assuming you want to know what the pleading is called, the answer depends on jurisdiction.

In Federal courts, for example, the initial pleading of a plaintiff is called a "complaint." In states that closely follow the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the word complaint is usually used to describe this pleading.

In other state courts, the initial pleading of the plaintiff is known as a "petition," as in a petition to the court for an award of damages.

If the question more generally asks what "first pleading of the plaintiff in a civil action" means, you can understand it as the first document filed by the plaintiff that initiates a lawsuit. In it the plaintiff identifies himself and his opponents, the defendants; sets out why jurisdiction and venue are proper; lays out his cause(s) of action against those defendants; and describes the damages he seeks. Different jurisdictions have different requirements on how specific this needs to be.

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Related Questions

What is the first pleading filed in civil case?

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What is the first paper filed in civil court?

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