Was Spinoza an atheist

Answer 1

No. Spinoza was a Deist.

Spinoza was a pantheist == == == ==

Spinoza was definitely an atheist given any modern definition of the word. He argues that everything is a part of "God or Nature" and basically says that every "thing" is a part of Nature, which could also be called God, but God is not a transcendent being with free will, as one would typically define the god of theism. He doesn't think God can do miracles, act outside of his own nature, or be separated from what we would call the material and intellectual world. He is not a deist, deism consists of a transcendent God who is not one with the universe in any conceivable way. Spinoza is a Natural Pantheist, which is an important distinction from the pantheism involved in Hinduism or even Christianity. Pantheism is not distinct from Atheism or theism in many ways, and it was probably an artifact of Spinoza's cultural environment that kept him from realizing the lack of distinction between his metaphysics and atheism. == == == ==

Answer 2

Spinoza did not identify as an atheist, as he believed in a divine entity, which he viewed as a pantheistic God. However, his conception of God as the infinite substance of the universe was at odds with traditional religious beliefs, leading some to consider him an atheist or heretic during his time.