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Speech errors, such as slips of the tongue, can provide insights into how words are stored and retrieved in the mental lexicon. For example, errors like phoneme exchanges ("slip of the ear") indicate that phonological representations are accessed during speech production. Semantic errors ("slip of the tongue"), on the other hand, suggest that there is interconnectedness among semantically related words in the mental lexicon. These errors collectively demonstrate the dynamic and interactive nature of lexical storage and retrieval processes.

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