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Why are DNA sequences more similar in more closely related organisms?
DNA sequences are more similar in closely related organisms because they share a common ancestor and have undergone fewer genetic changes over time. As organisms diverge and evolve, mutations accumulate in their DNA, leading to differences in their genetic sequences. Therefore, closely related organisms have had less time to accumulate mutations, resulting in more similar DNA sequences.
What similarities in DNA and protein sequences do humans and chimpanzees share?
Humans and chimpanzees share about 98.7 of their DNA sequences and have similar protein sequences due to their close evolutionary relationship.
If the amino acid sequences are similar in gorillas and humans why would you expect their DNA to also be similar?
Amino acid sequences are determined by the underlying DNA sequences that code for them, so similarities in amino acids suggest that the corresponding DNA sequences are also similar. Since both gorillas and humans share a common ancestor, evolutionary processes would have preserved many genetic sequences, leading to comparable DNA. Additionally, the genetic code is highly conserved, meaning that even small changes in DNA can lead to similar amino acid outputs, reinforcing the expectation of DNA similarity between the two species.
What enzyme cuts and seals DNA?
The enzyme that cuts DNA is called a restriction enzyme, while the enzyme that seals DNA is called DNA ligase. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences, creating breaks in the DNA strands, while DNA ligase seals these breaks by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds between the DNA fragments.
Which term refers to a similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor?
DNA sequences
True or false the more closely related species arethe more similar their DNA sequences?
True. Generally, the more closely related species are, the more similar their DNA sequences tend to be due to shared ancestry. As species diverge over time, genetic mutations accumulate, leading to differences in their DNA. Therefore, examining DNA sequences can help scientists determine evolutionary relationships among species.
What does the presence of similar DNA sequences in the genes in very dissimilar organisms imply?
The presence of similar DNA sequences in genes of very dissimilar organisms implies a common ancestry or evolutionary relationship. These similarities suggest that these organisms share a common ancestor and have inherited these sequences through evolution.
What does phenograms mean?
A phenogram is a diagram that is used to tell how similar two sequences of DNA are to each other
Are more alike DNA sequences more closely related than species are?
Yes, more alike DNA sequences typically indicate a closer evolutionary relationship between species. When DNA sequences are similar, it suggests that the species share a more recent common ancestor. Conversely, greater differences in DNA sequences imply a longer evolutionary divergence. Thus, genetic similarity can be a strong indicator of relatedness among species.
What further evidence would best substantiate that the two animals have a recent common ancestor?
The animals have very similar sequences in their DNA.
What does not read DNA sequences?
People not versed in DNA sequencing.
What do palindrome have to do with the way restriction enzymes cut DNA?
Palindrome sequences in DNA are important for the way restriction enzymes cut DNA because these enzymes recognize specific palindrome sequences and cut the DNA at specific points within these sequences. Palindrome sequences are symmetrical sequences of nucleotides that read the same forwards and backwards, allowing restriction enzymes to identify and bind to these sequences for cleavage. This specificity is crucial for the precise cutting of DNA at desired locations.
