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When you turn on a switch between a battery and capacitor, there is an inrush of current, but we measure zero volts across the cap because it is effectively shorted at this instant. As the cap charges, current drops and voltage rises. When it's fully charged, the voltage is max, and no more current flows.
If we put AC across the cap, it does this every half cycle. Max, current, zero volts, building up to max voltage, zero current. Then it does this for the other half cycle.
If we plot this on a graph, the voltage goes from zero to max at the same time current goes from max to zero. We say that "The voltage lags the current". Do this over several cycles and you'll have a sine wave for voltage and cosine wave for current. Sine and cosine are 90 degrees out of phase.
Here's more information: http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_4/2.html
What else can I help you with?
What effect a capacitor has on a supply current on an inductive load?
it will improve the power factor... The angle between voltage and current will decrease depends on capacitor value.
What is discharging direction of capacitor?
When a capacitor discharges the discharge current flows in the opposite direction to the current used to charge it.
What happens to the current in a circuit as a capacitor charges?
What happens to the current in a circuit as a capacitor charges depends on the circuit. As a capacitor charges, the voltage drop across it increases. In a typical circuit with a constant voltage source and a resistor charging the capacitor, then the current in the circuit will decrease logarithmically over time as the capacitor charges, with the end result that the current is zero, and the voltage across the capacitor is the same as the voltage source.
What effect does the series resistance of a capacitor used in a capacitor filter have on diode current and ripple voltage compared with an ideal capacitor of no resistance?
The effective resistance of the capacitor reduces the ripple current through the capacitor making it less effective in its function of smoothing the voltage. But if the capacitor filter is fed by a transformer and diodes, the resistance of the transformer exceeds that of the capacitor.
How do you reduce spike current?
by using capacitor on the line we can reduce spike current or we can use a capacitor bank for the rated line capacity.
What is the difference between capacitor and transistor?
transistor either increase or decrease current bt capacitor stores the energy
Relation between voltage and current if you consider capacitor ckt?
In a capacitor ckt, current will be lead ahead from voltage by an angle 90 degree. Because for a capacitor the relationship between voltage and current is given as v=(jx)i , where v= voltage i= current jx=capacitive reactance
How fast does a capacitor give off electricity?
A capacitor can release its stored energy at any rate. The rate is determined by ohm's law. It states that the current in amperes equals the electromotive force (or voltage difference of the capacitor's poles) divided by the resistance between the poles. I=E/R Current=volts/resistance
Charge buildup between the plates of a capacitor stops when?
Charge buildup between the plates of a capacitor stops when the current flow through the capacitor goes to zero.
What is the relationship between capacitor current and voltage in an electrical circuit?
The relationship between capacitor current and voltage in an electrical circuit is that the current through a capacitor is directly proportional to the rate of change of voltage across it. This means that when the voltage across a capacitor changes, a current flows to either charge or discharge the capacitor. The relationship is described by the equation I C dV/dt, where I is the current, C is the capacitance of the capacitor, and dV/dt is the rate of change of voltage with respect to time.
What effect a capacitor has on a supply current on an inductive load?
it will improve the power factor... The angle between voltage and current will decrease depends on capacitor value.
What is the purpose of capacitor in a single phase motor?
the purpose of the capacitor is to create a phase difference between main winding current and axillary winding. this would produce a rotating constant magnetic field which is required to produce the torque.
What is the difference between a topic and topic sentence?
A thesis is the objective of your paper, it shows your perspective and is your argument for the paper. A topic sentence on the other hand, introduces what the current paragraph is about.
How does current flow in a capacitor?
Current does not flow through a capacitor in the same way as through a resistor. Instead, when a voltage is applied to a capacitor, it charges up by storing energy in an electric field between its plates. This stored energy can then be released when the capacitor discharges.
What is the difference between voltage gain obtained with bypass capacitor and without the bypass capacitor?
A: A TRANSISTOR gain is determined by current flow on the collector by adding a resistor to the emitter this current flow is reduced by adding or bypassing this resistor with a capacitor the net effect is that this emitter resistor will be reduced in value as frequency increases therefore change gain as a function of frequency input
Why does DC not flow through a capacitor?
Actually, neither d.c. nor a.c. current passes through a capacitor. A.C. current 'appears' to flow through a capacitor but, in reality, it is only flowing through the connecting circuit while what is known as a 'displacement current' (actually, a distortion of the atoms' shells rather than a conduction current) occurs within the dielectric separating the capacitor's plates. D.C. current is 'blocked' by a capacitor because, when the capacitor is fully charged, the potential difference appearing across its plates is equal and opposite that of the supply. With no net potential difference in the circuit, no current can flow.
Why current and voltages are in phase in resistor?
1) in inductor there is generation of magnetic field due to flow of current . so there is phase difference in voltage and current . 2)in capacitor there is storage of charges. there is phase diff. 3)But in case of resistor there is no such things are happend . it is only a power dissipating element.therefor there is no phase difference between current and voltage.
