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A polar orbit (as opposed to an equatorial orbit) passes over the poles, north and south. A low orbit is relatively close to the Earth (or other object being orbited), it might be a few hundred miles up.

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14y ago
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14y ago

That's a satellite whose orbit is inclined to the equator by 90 degrees, so that it passes over the earth's
North and South Poles.

The way orbits work, the center of the orbit has to be the center of the earth. So if a satellite passes
over one pole, it has to pass over both of them.

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14y ago

No. Satellites in polar orbits appear to move quickly across the sky, and a communications satellite should stay still so that the dish antennas can stay focused on it.

Satellites for communications like TV or telephone are in geosynchronous orbits over the equator, so that they appear to hang motionless in the sky. In reality, the satellite orbits at the same speed that the Earth spins, so they are moving, but perfectly "keeping up" with the Earth turning.

Polar orbits are used for photographic satellites so that they spin quickly while the Earth turns underneath them. This allows one satellite to see every spot on the Earth every day or two.

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11y ago

I'm guessing that you mean "low polar orbit". A "low" orbit is one from about 150 miles up (which is the minimum altitude for a "stable" orbit) to about 900 miles, and a "polar" orbit is one that passes over, or nearly so, the north and south poles.

Polar orbits have the advantage that the Earth is continually spinning while the satellite passes over. So each pass covers a different area of the Earth. One writer described a low polar orbit for an observation satellite as a "ball of twine search"; given a long enough time, the satellite would pass over every spot on the Earth.

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Q: Is the orbit for a tv satellite called a polar orbit?
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