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Aboriginal, French and British (British meaning: English, Scottish, Welsh, and later Irish).

To elaborate a little more. Aboriginals were the first inhabitants; and if they did not participate in the fur trade (they gathered furs) there would have been no economic reason for Europeans to remain active/present in Canada. The French were the first Europeans to live permanently in Canada; starting in 1608 with the founding of Québec. The French were also responsible for early exploration of Canada; and named the St Lawrence River valley Canada, giving the modern country the name. The maple leaf was also adopted as a symbol of the people of New France. Also the colour of their military uniforms gives us the colour white on the flag. The British became active in Canada in the early 1700s. Note they were not English because in 1707 England and Scotland were united as Great Britain thus it is inaccurate to just say English. The British gave Canada the Westminster Parliamentary system, and the Common Law legal system. Canada also shares a Monarch with the United Kingdom to this day, her title is The Queen of Canada. The colour of British uniforms at the time were red, giving us red on the flag today. All of these people made large contributions to Canada, and British-Canadians and French-Canadians still make up the main cultural groups.

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