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The reason why Matthew and Luke trace Jesus' genealogy back to King David:

A) Its true, Jesus was of the line of King David

B) They wanted to show that Jesus was the Messiah. The Jew's always knew that the Messiah would come from the 'house of David' (meaning his bloodline). The Jews read the words of the prophet Jeremiah about the coming Messiah:

"I will raise up to David a righteous Branch, a King who will reign wisely and do what is just and right in the land... This is the name by which he will be called; The LORD our Righteousness." (Jeremiah 23:5-6).

Jesus did fulfil this prophecy by being a descendant of David but it also brought about a problem. Because of this same prophecy, and others, the Jews expected the Messiah to be a political ruler like David. During the time that Jesus was around the Jews were under the rule of the Roman government and so their desire for a new grand King to come a lead them to victory over foreign powers was as intense as ever. Instead they saw Jesus who was meek and humble and valued women and spent time with the outcasts, this man who preached against the hypocritical religious leaders and encouraged people to love one another and give up their lives for one another. He was not popular or proud or charismatic, like the people wanted.

But if more of the people who encountered Jesus had read prophecies in Isaiah they might have come to the conclusion that Jesus was indeed the Messiah:

His humility and purpose to suffer so that we might not.

"He had no beauty or majesty to attract us to him, nothing in his appearance that we should desire him. He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows, and familiar with suffering. Like one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not. Surely he took up our infirmities and carried our sorrows, yet we considered him stricken by God, smitten by him, and afflicted. But he was pierced for our transgressions, he was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon him, and by his wounds we are healed. We all, like sheep, have gone astray, each of us has turned to his own way; and the LORD has laid on him the iniquity of us all. He was oppressed and afflicted,yet he did not open his mouth; he was led like a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is silent, so he did not open his mouth. Yet it was the LORD's will to crush him and cause him to suffer, and though the LORD makes his life a guilt offering, he will see his offspring and prolong his days, and the will of the LORD will prosper in his hand." (Isaiah 53)

"He will not shout or cry out, or raise his voice in the streets." (Isaiah 42:2)

His suffering.

"Just as there were many who were appalled at him - his appearance was so disfigured beyond that of any man and his form marred beyond human likeness."(Isaiah 52:14)

Him being God himself.

"For to us a child is born, to us a son is given, and the government will be on his shoulders. And he will be calledWonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace there will be no end. He will reign on David's throne and over his kingdom, establishing and upholding it with justice and righteousness from that time on and forever. The zeal of the LORD Almighty will accomplish this." (Isaiah 9:6 & 7)

His care for the Gentiles as well as the Jews. His care for those without God.

"a light for the Gentiles" "to open eyes that are blind, to free captives from prison and to release from the dungeon those who sit in darkness." "In his law the islands [not just Israel] will put their hope." (Isaiah 42)

Even His virgin birth.

"Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign: The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and will call him Immanuel." (Isaiah 7:14)

And many more things.

Many aspects of Jesus' life were foretold by the prophets: God wanted to make sure that no one would miss His saving Messiah. See some here: http://mb-soft.com/believe/txh/proph.htm

For more about the significance of David in Jesus' lineage, see here:

http://www.orthodoxphotos.com/readings/messiah/david.shtml

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