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Many things (talking about the fender models).

Firstly and most obviously the shape- the precision has a more symmetrical shape whilst the jazz has an elongeted corner (bottom left as you look at it whilst being played) Google them- that's the easiest way to see.

The are also differences in the action- precision has a wider neck which makes it harder to move around but easier to slap (as the strings are further apart so easier to hit smoothly) Whereas the jazz's neck is much thinner.

There is also a lot of difference in the tone with the precision giving a brighter, loooser sound than the jazz, which is more mellow. Neither of the two is "better" it is just personal preference and what suits you style. I myself am a precision girl but i know others who swear by the jazz. Try them and you'll feel the difference immediately.

Both instruments will fit well into pretty much any context and most professional players (certainly any session musician) will have at least one of each in their collection. The Jazz is the more tonally varied of the two (by virtue of having two pickups) but it would be unfair to dismiss the Precision as a workhorse instrument as its tone will work in most settings.

Personally if I was only allowed on instrument for the rest of my life it would be a Jazz bass but I wouldn't complain too much if I was forced to have a Precision.

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Q: What is the difference of a precision and a jazz bass guitar?
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