What keys are trumpets and clarinets in?

Answer 1

more precisely, they are valves. but here is how they are commonly referred to:

if the Trumpet is in playing position(mouthpiece at your mouth, bell forward) the 1st valve is the one nearest to your face. your left thumb will rest either against this valve casing or in a little hook right near it. depressing this valve lowers the pitch of the instrument one whole step

the 2nd valve is the middle one. there will be a slide extending out at something like a 45 degree angle away from the trumpet on the casing for this valve. depressing this valve lowers the pitch of the instrument one half step

the 3rd valve is the farthest away from your face. your ring or middle finger will rest either on the casing for this valve or, more commonly, in a ring on a slide extending from the valve casing. depressing this valve lowers the pitch of the instrument one and one half steps. so the effect it roughly the same as if you had depressed both the 1st and 2nd valves at the same time (though depressing the 1st and 2nd valves is more in tune). here is a concert Bb (trumpet C) major scale using those valve names

C-open

D-1st and 3rd

E-1st and second (or 3rd alone)

F-1st

G-open

A-1st and second (or 3rd alone)

B-2nd

C-open

Answer 2

Most trumpets won't have any markings on them telling the key. The simplest way is to play an open note while pressing different keys on a piano. The piano pitch which matches your trumpet pitch will be the key of your instrument.

Answer 3

Both trumpets and clarinets are in Bb.

Answer 4

Bb

Answer 5

Bb

Answer 6

3