If you are saying that the secondary (output) winding on a transformer seems to be a short circuit, it is very likely to be low resistance and may only be a few ohms if you measure the resistance with an ohmeter. The only way it would actually be a short circuit is if something has been inserted which has shorted the wires or it has overheated and burnt through. In which case there should be an acrid smell. Or if you can see the wires you would see they were burnt.
A short in the circuit it is powering could cause the transformer to overheat, burn out and short.
Shielded transformer
Secondary voltage / primary voltage
It is a basic tenet of physics that, in a closed system, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Energy can, however, be transformed. It follows from this that the power output from a system cannot exceed the power input. Therefore, in a transformer, the primary power and the secondary power are always equal (at least in theory). A transformer can step voltage up or step it down. Since power equals voltage multiplied by current then, if the transformer secondary voltage is stepped up, the current must be stepped down by the same factor (that is, if the voltage is stepped up by a factor of 4 then the current is stepped down by a factor of 4). Any increase in voltage in the secondary of a transformer will result in a corresponding inversely proportional decrease in secondary current. From a practical standpoint, secondary power is always somewhat less than primary power due to resistive losses in the transformer windings as well as eddy current and hysteresis losses (magnetic losses) in the transformer core. These losses produce heat which compounds the transformer inefficiency. The primary and secondary windings are made from copper and, like all metals, it has a positive temperature coefficient of resistance. This is a fancy way of saying that when the copper windings of a transformer get hotter their electrical resistance goes up which further increases the resistive losses in the transformer.
A radio transformer is a transformer having a tapped winding or two or more windings designed to furnish inductive reactance or to transfer radio-frequency energy from one circuit to another by means of a magnetic field; may have an air core or some form of ferrite core. Also known as radio transformer.
short circuit in the circuit
why does have to short-circuit secondary wire of current transformer ?
transformer is busted; if input voltage is normal you have short circuit or open circuit somewhere
A short-circuit test is done to determine the power lost in the resistance of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer. It is done at full load current but with only enough voltage to give the required current with the secondary short circuited. An open-circuit test is done at full load voltage but no current is taken from the secondary, and this enables the power lost in the magnetic core of the transformer to be measured. As well a power, the tests also allow the inductances to be measured as well as the resistances, in order ot characterise the transformer fully.
You need to model this - the line impedance and transformer impedance, and the voltage will determine this. There is no "one size fits all".
Winding copper losses of a transformer can be measured in a short circuit test of a transformer. Impedance voltage is given to the primary and the secondary is often shortcircuited. (some times the reverse is done of this). Full load currents are made to flow in both primary and secondary circuits. This current flow heats up the 2 windings of the transformer. Power consumed at this time gives the transformer copper losses.
A voltage transformer takes a primary voltage and steps it down to a smaller secondary voltage. This type of transformer will attempt to keep the secondary voltage at a specific ratio of the primary voltage. If you short it, massive current flow in the secondary is required to do this. For a similar reason a CT should never be open circuited - because it attempts to push a specific ratio of primary current through the secondary. If you open circuit the secondary, it takes a massive voltage on the secondary to accomplish this.
The short-circuit test runs the rated current through the windings of the transformer to measure the copper-loss, or power lost in the winding resistances. Because the transformer is run at low voltage for this test, there is very little additional power loss in the iron core of the transformer.
The function of an isolation transformer is to electrically-isolate the secondary circuit from the primary circuit, without changing the voltage levels. So, its secondary voltage will be the same as the primary voltage.
Short circuit current will increase a lot.
Like transformer induction motor has stator winding(Primary winding) and rotor winding(Secondary winding) separated by an airgap.Rotor winding(generally Al bars) are short circuited at the end to produce torque for the rotation.Hence the name short circuited transformer.
Short circuit test and open circuit test are widely used to test the efficiency of the transformer.
A secondary current of 0 would suggest to me that the secondary circuit is open. A normally operating circuit with zero current flow would be very unusual. No load in secondary circuit. No secondary current can also be attributed to the primary power source open or an open primary winding.