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What are some trends for drugs in a homologous series?
As the carbon chain of the drugs get longer, the drugs become more lipophilic. The more lipophilic the drugs are, the more easily they can penetrate biological barriers or cell membranes. However, drugs that are too lipophilic may be precipitated out due to their lower solubility in water and this prevents them from entering cells.
Why are lipophilic viruses easier to kill?
Lipophilic viruses require the lipid (fatty) envelope to remain active ("live"*), and the fatty layer can be destroyed by alcohol. Non-lipophilic viruses do not require this fatty envelope, and the protein layer (capsid) is more resistant to alcohol. *Note: viruses are not actually alive, they are only genetic codes with 1 or 2 (lipophilic) protective layers. Biologists call "live" viruses *active* and "dead" viruses *inactive* or *inactivated*.
Can lipophilicity increase toxicity?
Yes. When substances are lipophilic (hydrophobic), they are usually much more easily retained in fat in the body, reducing its elimination rate. This allows for such substances (such as lipophilic vitamins) to accumulate in the body to toxic levels.
Is glycine more likely to lose the OH proton or an NH3 plus proton?
It will lose the -OH proton from the -COOH group readily.
Why cooh group in phthalic acid is at ortho position while cooh is meta directing group?
In phthalic acid, the two carboxylic acid (COOH) groups are positioned at the ortho positions relative to each other due to the structure of the phthalic acid molecule and the stability of its intermediates during electrophilic aromatic substitution. The presence of one COOH group can stabilize the formation of the ortho position via resonance, making it more favorable for further substitution. While COOH is generally a meta-directing group due to its electron-withdrawing nature, in the case of phthalic acid, the existing ortho position enhances the stability of the molecule, leading to a preference for ortho substitution.
What are some trends for drugs in a homologous series?
As the carbon chain of the drugs get longer, the drugs become more lipophilic. The more lipophilic the drugs are, the more easily they can penetrate biological barriers or cell membranes. However, drugs that are too lipophilic may be precipitated out due to their lower solubility in water and this prevents them from entering cells.
Why is drug metabolism needed?
Drug metabolism is needed to convert foreign substances like drugs into compounds that can be easily eliminated from the body. This process helps to detoxify and remove potentially harmful chemicals from the body, ensuring they do not accumulate to toxic levels. Additionally, drug metabolism can activate certain medications, making them more potent or effective.
What are polar drugs and non polar drugs?
Polar drugs have a charge separation and interact with water, while non-polar drugs lack a charge separation and do not interact well with water. These properties influence the drugs' distribution, absorption, and elimination in the body. Polar drugs tend to be more water-soluble, while non-polar drugs are often lipid-soluble.
Is an ionized drug more lipophilic or less lipophilic?
An ionized drug is generally less lipophilic than its non-ionized form. This is because ionization usually results in the drug having a greater affinity for water rather than lipid-based environments.
Is a steroid hydrophobic or hydrophilic or amphipathic?
Yes. However, more to the point is that steroid hormones are lipophilic.
Why did he write Cat in the Hat?
he was on drugs, literally. the drugs made him more creative, and i guess he liked cats.
Drugs that are formed from other drugs are called?
Ecstasy can be made of a variety of drugs including heroin. To be more exact, drugs that are formed from other drugs are called derivatives.
Why are lipophilic viruses easier to kill?
Lipophilic viruses require the lipid (fatty) envelope to remain active ("live"*), and the fatty layer can be destroyed by alcohol. Non-lipophilic viruses do not require this fatty envelope, and the protein layer (capsid) is more resistant to alcohol. *Note: viruses are not actually alive, they are only genetic codes with 1 or 2 (lipophilic) protective layers. Biologists call "live" viruses *active* and "dead" viruses *inactive* or *inactivated*.
Are there more illegal drugs than legal drugs in the United states?
In terms of the number of different drugs that are available, there are vastly more legal drugs than illegal drugs. I would also say that legal drugs are used more frequently and by more people than illegal drugs are.
Does Valium cross the blood brain barrier?
Yes. Valium (diazepam) does indeed cross the blood brain barrier. It is one of the more lipophilic of the benzodiazepine medications.
Will more series of friends be made?
no because the actors are getting old and mathew perry(chandler) was on drugs
Can lipophilicity increase toxicity?
Yes. When substances are lipophilic (hydrophobic), they are usually much more easily retained in fat in the body, reducing its elimination rate. This allows for such substances (such as lipophilic vitamins) to accumulate in the body to toxic levels.
