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Using the diversity of metabolic pathways that lead to the same product can enhance metabolic engineering strategies by providing alternative routes for production. This redundancy can increase metabolic flexibility, stability, and resilience against environmental changes or genetic modifications. Leveraging this diversity allows for more robust and efficient production systems.

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What is metabolic regulation?

Intrinsic regulation is when the products of the reaction regulate the rate of the reaction, acting as regulators (usually allosteric) . i.e it is self-limiting. Pyruvate + CoASH + NAD+ --> Acetyl-CoA + NADH2 + CO2 This is an example of the bridging reaction wherein pyruvate reacts with CoA and NAD+ to form Acetyl-Coa. The intrinsic regulator here is Acetyl-Coa as if it increases in concentration it inhibits the reaction (following Le Chateliers principle). NADH2 is also an INTRINSIC regulator here.


What organs help eliminate metabolic waste products?

The kidneys, liver, and lungs are the primary organs that help eliminate metabolic waste products from the body. The kidneys filter waste products from the blood to produce urine, the liver processes and detoxifies metabolic waste, and the lungs excrete waste gases through respiration.


Cells are analogous to a factory They utilize to and organic substances?

Cells are like factories because they receive raw materials (nutrients) from their surroundings, process them through various metabolic pathways to produce energy and building blocks for growth and repair, and eliminate waste products. This enables them to carry out essential functions to maintain life.


What is most necessary for a miltochondrion to produce new molecules?

Adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to generate ATP through aerobic respiration, as well as enzymes and co-factors needed for various metabolic pathways within the mitochondria.


What is anaerobic pathways?

Anaerobic pathways are metabolic processes that occur in the absence of oxygen, allowing organisms to generate energy. These pathways primarily include fermentation, where glucose is partially broken down to produce ATP and byproducts like lactic acid or ethanol. Anaerobic respiration also involves using electron acceptors other than oxygen, such as nitrate or sulfate, to facilitate energy production. These pathways are crucial for certain microorganisms and tissues, especially when oxygen is scarce.

Related Questions

What does metabolic reactions produce?

Metabolic reactions produce energy (ATP), which is used by the body for various functions such as growth, repair, and movement. They also produce waste products that need to be eliminated from the body.


What are the key differences in the metabolic pathways of glucose and pyruvate?

The key differences in the metabolic pathways of glucose and pyruvate are that glucose is broken down through glycolysis to produce pyruvate, which can then enter the citric acid cycle to produce energy in the form of ATP. Pyruvate, on the other hand, can be converted into acetyl-CoA before entering the citric acid cycle. Additionally, pyruvate can also be converted into lactate or ethanol through fermentation pathways.


What are metabolic energy that do not require oxygen?

Anaerobic metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, do not require oxygen to produce energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). These pathways break down glucose and other molecules to generate ATP quickly without relying on oxygen as the final electron acceptor. However, they are less efficient than aerobic pathways in terms of energy production per molecule of glucose.


What is metabolic regulation?

Intrinsic regulation is when the products of the reaction regulate the rate of the reaction, acting as regulators (usually allosteric) . i.e it is self-limiting. Pyruvate + CoASH + NAD+ --> Acetyl-CoA + NADH2 + CO2 This is an example of the bridging reaction wherein pyruvate reacts with CoA and NAD+ to form Acetyl-Coa. The intrinsic regulator here is Acetyl-Coa as if it increases in concentration it inhibits the reaction (following Le Chateliers principle). NADH2 is also an INTRINSIC regulator here.


What pathways break down fuels from the food you eat and the liquids you drink?

The main pathways that break down fuels from food and drink are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. These pathways involve the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to produce energy in the form of ATP.


Difference between metabolic extension and metabolic engineering?

Metabolic engineering is the manipulation of metabolic pathways and cellular networks in a cell in order to increase the production of a certain substance via optimizing genetic and regulatory processes. It involves the introduction of heterologous genes and regulatory elements which leads to targeted alterations in normal cellular activities; the cell that has been most successfully altered to produce various products in high supply is Escherichia Coli (E Coli). As for Metabolic extension? I'm not that sure, but hey, you can always check Wikipedia! ;)


What organs help eliminate metabolic waste products?

The kidneys, liver, and lungs are the primary organs that help eliminate metabolic waste products from the body. The kidneys filter waste products from the blood to produce urine, the liver processes and detoxifies metabolic waste, and the lungs excrete waste gases through respiration.


Metabolic reactions can produce?

Metabolic reactions can produce energy in the form of ATP, as well as molecules needed for growth, repair, and maintenance of cells. Additionally, metabolic reactions can result in the production of waste products that need to be eliminated from the body to maintain homeostasis.


What is a metabolic pathways?

Really the "metabolic pathway" is usually referred to as Cellular Respiration. This is the process by which a cell breaks down macromolecules in order to produce energy. In aerobic respiration (involving oxygen), this would include: Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation (ATP Synthase). In anaerobic respiration, this would include just Glycolysis and Fermentation. Aerobic respiration produces far more energy (ATP is the main energy currency of a cell) than anaerobic respiration.


Which pathways in photosynthesis will produce ATP but not NADPH?

non-cyclic electron pathways


Cells are analogous to a factory They utilize to and organic substances?

Cells are like factories because they receive raw materials (nutrients) from their surroundings, process them through various metabolic pathways to produce energy and building blocks for growth and repair, and eliminate waste products. This enables them to carry out essential functions to maintain life.


Why is Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is an important intermediate molecule in the cell's metabolic pathways because?

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is a key molecule in glycolysis, the process that breaks down glucose to produce ATP, the cell's energy currency. It is also a precursor for the biosynthesis of other important molecules like amino acids, lipids, and nucleotides. Its central role in both energy production and biosynthesis makes it a crucial intermediate in the cell's metabolic pathways.