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Look at the Atomic Mass of the element.

Round the atomic mass to the nearest whole number, and subtract the number of protons present in the nucleus (the atomic number).

The nucleus of the atom is made of protons and neutrons, so ideally, one can subtract the number of protons or neutrons to get the number of neutrons or protons.

So, Lithium would have 4 neutrons, Hydrogen would only have a proton, and Iron has 30 neutrons.

Of course, it depends, also, on the isotope of the element, which varies with the number of neutrons. So, carbon-14 would have 8 neutrons and 6 protons, while regular carbon would have 6 protons and 6 neutrons.

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