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The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero. This is true because of the reverse application that it is impossible to reduce any system to absolute zero in a finite number of finite operations.
To be honest, it comes from a need to define what we mean by "zero entropy". The assumption is that the alignment of a perfect crystal leaves no ambiguity as to the position of the components of the system and the orientation of each part of the crystal is identical. As the energy of the crystal is reduced, the unique vibrations of each atom are reduced to nothing. At that point all parts of the crystal are exactly the same in terms of orientations, locations, etc.
Keep in mind that with the development of quantum thermodynamics, the third law moved from a "fundamental law" to a "derived law", i.e. derived from even more fundamental laws. In this case, it comes from the definition of absolute entropy as the deviation from a state called So where everything is in one state. The deviations are counted as the number of different microstates (Ω) and the entropy is the Boltzman constant (kB) times the natural log of the microstates
S-So = kB ln Ω
It is true because that's how we define things and we have no other way of describing a situation with less entropy than a crystal that is perfectly uniform and not vibrating.
What else can I help you with?
How many thermodynamics laws are there?
There are three laws of thermodynamics. The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. The second law states that heat naturally flows from hot to cold. The third law states that as temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero.
The law of thermodynamics says that the oldest layer of sediments will be found beneath younger layers of sediment?
true A+
The Law of Thermodynamics says that the oldest layer of sediment will be found beneath younger layers of sediments.?
true A+
What law of thermodynamics is unavailable for doing work?
"Unavailable for doing work" is related to the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
It is never possible to totally convert heat energy into useful work true or false?
True. According to the second law of thermodynamics, it is impossible to convert all heat energy into useful work, as some energy will always be lost to heat transfer or other inefficiencies in the conversion process. This principle is known as the Carnot efficiency limit.
Which law of thermodynamics states that the heat engine cannot be completely efficient?
True
Example of third law of thermodynamics?
The law that states the functional group of a halide is HX thank you
What is universal law of energy?
There is no commonly accepted law by that name, as far as I know. Two important laws about energy are the First Law of Thermodynamics and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
Is the third law ever violated?
The third law of thermodynamics, which states that the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero, has not been found to be violated. However, it is a theoretical limit and may not hold true in all situations.
Why are theories and laws not absolute?
Because they may not apply in all situations.The first law of thermodynamics is true everywhere.The second law of thermodynamics isn't true inside the event horizon of a black holeThe third law of thermodynamics isn't a law but merely a point of reference to make measurements from.Newtonian laws of motion are not absolutely true but are only approximately true but valid for things that travel at less than 1/2 the speed of light.
What if you did not have energy on earth?
Third law of thermodynamics says that it's impossible to have zero energy ever.
According to the second law of thermodynamics it is not possible to change heat completely into work with no other change taking place?
The second law of thermodynamics states that not all heat energy can be converted into work. Some heat will always be lost in the form of waste heat during energy conversion processes. This law is a fundamental principle that governs the efficiency of energy conversion systems.
What is the third law of thermodynamics, which states that no system can reach absolute zero temperature?
The third law of thermodynamics states that as a system approaches absolute zero temperature, its entropy approaches a minimum value. This means that it is impossible for any system to reach absolute zero temperature.
How many thermodynamics laws are there?
There are three laws of thermodynamics. The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. The second law states that heat naturally flows from hot to cold. The third law states that as temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero.
Is thermometer an example of zeroth law of thermodynamics?
No, a thermometer is a device used to measure temperature, not a demonstration of the zeroth law of thermodynamics. The zeroth law states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
The law of thermodynamics says that the oldest layer of sediments will be found beneath younger layers of sediment?
true A+
The Law of Thermodynamics says that the oldest layer of sediment will be found beneath younger layers of sediments.?
true A+
