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Choose 4 liquids of different densities, of which at least all adjacent ones are immiscible. Add to a container and the liquids will assume layers, the densest at the bottom and the least dense at the top.

Immiscible liquids (subject to careful handling): Mercury or gallium for the bottom layer, calcium polytungstate for the next, a heavy liquid such as CCl4, then oil.

(Before you even think of trying it, seek the advice of a professional chemist.)

A Less Dangerous Rainbow Demostration

Prepare 4 solutions of water and sugar, each using a different amount of dissolved sugar.

  • To 4 one-ounce glasses of warm water, add one, two, three, or four tablespoons of sugar, and mix thoroughly.
  • Add different colors of food color to each solution : red to the 1-tablespoon mix, yellow to the 2, green to the 3, and blue to the 4.
  • Carefully spoon each liquid into a larger glass, beginning with the thickest (the blue 4-tablespoon mix) and continuing with the green, yellow, and red.
  • Avoid letting the colors spill into the other layers as you add them.
  • You have a layered rainbow, as the different densities will not immediately mix together.
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