100 degrees Celsius over the next billion years is what I read when searching the same question.
Earthquake waves travel fastest in the interior of the Earth, as speed of waves increases as we go inside the Earth. The speed of a wave depends on the properties of the medium it travels in. The wave propagates faster in the denser and heavier core.
If mafic lava cools down too fast, it solidifies quickly, resulting in the formation of small crystals or even a glassy texture. This rapid cooling prevents larger crystals from forming, which are common in slower-cooling scenarios.
In reference to the cooling of magma into rock, basalt is formed from rapid cooling.
You would examine a fracture surface of the rock. Intrusive igneous rocks that have cooled very slowly underground have visible crystals and are said to have a phaneritic texture. Granite is an example of this type of rock. Extrusive igneous rocks that have cooled quickly from lava above or on the surface generally will have crystals too small to be visible with the naked eye, in a texture that is referred to as aphanitic. Obsidian is an example of this type of rock.
When molten material from inside the Earth cools, it forms igneous rock. The type of igneous rock that forms depends on the rate of cooling and the mineral composition of the molten material. Fast cooling can result in fine-grained rocks like basalt, while slow cooling can create coarse-grained rocks like granite.
They are either made through the fast cooling of lava, or the slow cooling if magma in the Earth.
Pumice is the result of extremely fast cooling lava.
Earthquake waves travel fastest in the interior of the Earth, as speed of waves increases as we go inside the Earth. The speed of a wave depends on the properties of the medium it travels in. The wave propagates faster in the denser and heavier core.
Rocks formed by fast cooling magma are typically fine-grained and include rocks like basalt, andesite, and rhyolite. These rocks cool quickly on or near the Earth's surface, resulting in small mineral grains and a smooth texture.
If mafic lava cools down too fast, it solidifies quickly, resulting in the formation of small crystals or even a glassy texture. This rapid cooling prevents larger crystals from forming, which are common in slower-cooling scenarios.
Craters and fast cooling
Fast cooling=small crystals Slow cooling=big crystals
In reference to the cooling of magma into rock, basalt is formed from rapid cooling.
yes because of the fast cooling rate
You would examine a fracture surface of the rock. Intrusive igneous rocks that have cooled very slowly underground have visible crystals and are said to have a phaneritic texture. Granite is an example of this type of rock. Extrusive igneous rocks that have cooled quickly from lava above or on the surface generally will have crystals too small to be visible with the naked eye, in a texture that is referred to as aphanitic. Obsidian is an example of this type of rock.
blue crystal
Extrusive