Yes, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) can significantly affect cell function. These ions play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including signaling, enzyme activation, and maintaining membrane integrity. Changes in their concentrations can influence cell adhesion, proliferation, and overall viability. Therefore, maintaining the appropriate levels of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ is essential for optimal cell culture conditions.
The Ca2+ ion is larger than the Mg2+ ion. The ionic radii are: 86pm for the Mg2+ and 114pm for the Ca2+. Besides the fact that the Ca2+ has more electrons this can be explained by the principle of electron shielding. Electron shielding is when lower level electrons block the EFC(effective nuclear charge) from effecting the valence electrons of an ion. Ca2+has more electrons than Mg2+ so more electron shielding occurs.
Ca2+ is isoelectronic with the noble gas, Argon. F-, Mg2+ are isoelectronic with the noble gas, Neon. I- is isoelectronic with the noble gas, Xenon
When a Ca2+ ion and a Mg2+ ion are placed in a solution, they will separate due to their interactions with water molecules. The positively charged ions attract the negatively charged ends of water molecules, leading to the formation of hydrated ions that exist as individual entities in the solution. This separation allows each type of ion to interact independently with other substances in the solution.
Inside a cell, the primary electrolytes include potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and chloride (Cl-). Potassium ions are particularly abundant in the intracellular environment, while sodium ions are more prevalent outside the cell. These electrolytes play critical roles in maintaining the cell's membrane potential, facilitating nerve impulses, and regulating muscle contractions. Additionally, they are essential for various biochemical processes within the cell.
Mg(s) | Mg2+(aq)Au+(aq) | Au(s)
When Borax is added to water, it reacts with Ca2+ and Mg2+, which come out of water as precipitates. The reactions involved are: Ca2+ + Na2B4O7 ----> CaB4O7 + 2Na+ Mg2+ + Na2B4O7 -----> MgB4O7 + 2Na+
Cations are positively charged ions. •Na+ •K+ •Ca2+ •Mg2+
Mg2+ and Ca2+ (and many more!)
•2CaCO3 + Mg2+ > CaMg(CO3)2 + Ca2+ • •Fluid flow seems to control precipitation of dolomite
The Ca2+ ion is larger than the Mg2+ ion. The ionic radii are: 86pm for the Mg2+ and 114pm for the Ca2+. Besides the fact that the Ca2+ has more electrons this can be explained by the principle of electron shielding. Electron shielding is when lower level electrons block the EFC(effective nuclear charge) from effecting the valence electrons of an ion. Ca2+has more electrons than Mg2+ so more electron shielding occurs.
I think you may asking about Ca2+, Mg2+.Na+ , etc..Isnt it? I think think they can be separated to Atoms & electrons. Like this Mg2+ Separate as Magnesium Atom & 2 electrons
Mg2+ has the smaller ionic radius compared to Ca2+ because as you move down a group in the periodic table, the ionic radius increases due to the addition of electron shells. Mg and Ca are in the same group, but Ca has more electron shells than Mg, resulting in a larger ionic radius for Ca2+.
What cell walls are you using? In mammalian cell culture the reason you would use Ca/Mg free PBS is to help remove them from the surface they are attached to. The adherens proteins that adherent cells use to stick to whatever they are stuck to requires Ca2+ and Mg2+. Therefore if you simply want to wash the cells you have to use a buffer WITH Ca2+ and Mg2+.
chelating Mg2+
When Borax is added to water, it reacts with Ca2+ and Mg2+, which come out of water as precipitates. The reactions involved are: Ca2+ + Na2B4O7 ----> CaB4O7 + 2Na+ Mg2+ + Na2B4O7 -----> MgB4O7 + 2Na+
Ca2+ is isoelectronic with the noble gas, Argon. F-, Mg2+ are isoelectronic with the noble gas, Neon. I- is isoelectronic with the noble gas, Xenon
Cu + Mg2 --------> Cu2 + Mg Cu --------------> Cu2 + 2e Mg2 + 2e --------> Mg Cu --------------> Cu2 + 2e (E = +0.35) Mg2 + 2e --------> Mg (E = -2.36V) +0.35 + (-2.36) = -2.01V --------------------------------------… Mg + Cu2 --------> Mg2 + Cu Mg --------------> Mg2 + 2e Cu2 + 2e --------> Cu Mg --------------> Mg2 + 2e (E = +2.36V) Cu2 + 2e --------> Mg (E = -0.35V) +2.36 + (-0.35) = +2.01V