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Long thin valleys that formed in Africa as continental plates pulled apart are called rift valleys. These geological features occur in regions where tectonic forces are causing the Earth's crust to fracture and extend, leading to the formation of steep-sided valleys. One of the most famous examples is the East African Rift, which stretches from the Afar Triangle in the northeast down to Mozambique in the south. Rift valleys are often associated with volcanic activity and unique ecosystems.

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