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What does Carbon dioxide bind to in the Calvin cycle?
Carbon dioxide acts as a source of carbon, it is an inorganic molecule which reactions with RuBP (Ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate) to for an unstable 6 carbon compound which breaks down into 2 molecules of GP (Glycerate 3-phosphate). Note: The reaction of CO2 and RuBP is catalysed by Rubisco (Ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase) GP in turn is used to synthesize amino acids (with the use of nitrates from the soil) and fatty acids.
What does safranin bind to?
Safranin is a basic dye that binds to nucleic acids and other acidic components in cells. It is commonly used in histology to stain cell nuclei and cartilage.
Plasma membrane in eukaryotic celss is made up of?
The plasma membrane in a eukaryotic cell has several major components: phospholipids, embedded proteins and other lipids such as cholesterol. Phospholipids are the primary component of plasma membranes. They consist of a glycerol base with one bound phosphate group (which is highly polarised, that is the charge density of the electrons is not distributed evenly; we call this hydrophilic because it attracts water) and 2 fatty acid chains attached. The fatty acid chains are not very polarised because they are strings of carbon and hydrogen bound to the glycerol as an ester (if you don't know what this is, don't worry). What is important is the fatty acids are hydrophobic - because they are not polarised they don't attract water and interact much more easily with less polar molecules (like each other). The phospholipids arrange themselves in a bilayer, with the lipid tails pointing in to the middle and interacting weakly with each other, while the phosphates sit on the outside of the glycerol molecule and interact with the water. This is the basis of the plasma membrane. Additionally, the plasma membrane contains lots of embedded proteins. These proteins all contain a hydrophobic domain, normally a repeating sequence of hydrophobic amino acids that doesn't attract water and quite happily interacts weakly with the fatty acid tails. The other ends of the protein normally do something useful like bind to chemical signals and change shape, to pass on the message to the inside of the cell that the chemical signal is outside. Others help anchor the cell to something outside. Plasma membranes also contain other lipids such as cholesterol which have a specific shape and help to give the membrane certain structural properties.
What is the function of protease?
Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids. They play a critical role in various biological processes, such as digestion, protein turnover, and cell signaling.
What is a small protein with a high proportion of positively charged amino acids that binds to the negatively charged DNA and plays a key role in it chromatin structure?
Histones are small proteins that have a high proportion of positively charged amino acids. They bind to the negatively charged DNA to form nucleosomes, which help in packaging and organizing the DNA into chromatin structure.
What kind of food reacts with the enzymes?
well every food reacts with enzymes, almost at least. for example carbohydrates such as startch , digest in to maltose by means of salivary amylase in the saliva, and amylase from the pancreas. and then the enzyme maltase helps digest maltose into glucose. and so on. in protein , HCl bind with pepsin to produce the enzyme pepsinogen which then brakes down long chains of amino acids into shorter ones, and other enzymes help digest these amino acids into even smaller ones. and also fats, get broke down by lipase, breaking it down to glycerol, and three fatty acids
How are organic molecules such as glucose fatty acids and amino acids used by glycolysis and Kreb's cycle to produce usable energy?
Organic molecules like glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids are broken down through glycolysis and Kreb's cycle to produce usable energy in the form of ATP. In glycolysis, glucose is metabolized to produce pyruvate, which then enters the Kreb's cycle to generate high-energy molecules like NADH and FADH2. These molecules carry electrons to the electron transport chain, where ATP is generated through oxidative phosphorylation.
What does albumin bind with in the body?
Albumin in the body binds with various substances such as hormones, fatty acids, bilirubin, and drugs. It plays a crucial role in transporting these substances throughout the body and maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood.
What does crystal violet bind to in biological systems?
Crystal violet binds to nucleic acids, specifically DNA, in biological systems.
What happens to the two amino acids carried by the two tRNA's inside a ribosome?
The two amino acids carried by the two tRNA's inside a ribosome, bind togather with a peptide bond to elongate the protein chain.
Do amino acids bind directly to the mRNA?
No, amino acids do not bind directly to mRNA. Amino acids are brought to the ribosome by transfer RNA (tRNA), which carries the appropriate amino acid based on the mRNA codon. The ribosome then catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids to form a protein.
What does Carbon dioxide bind to in the Calvin cycle?
Carbon dioxide acts as a source of carbon, it is an inorganic molecule which reactions with RuBP (Ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate) to for an unstable 6 carbon compound which breaks down into 2 molecules of GP (Glycerate 3-phosphate). Note: The reaction of CO2 and RuBP is catalysed by Rubisco (Ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase) GP in turn is used to synthesize amino acids (with the use of nitrates from the soil) and fatty acids.
What small molecules bind to hemoglobin?
Carbon dioxide and BPG bind to amino acids located on hemoglobin. Oxygen molecules bind to the iron molecules located in the heme. Each hemoglobin molecule can carry up to four oxygen molecules, one on each of the four iron molecules. Nitric oxide can also bind to hemoglobin when either oxygen or carbon dioxide are bound to the hemoglobin.
Compounds commonly know as fats and oils?
Fats and oils are categorized under the title "Omega", followed by varying numbers (Omega 3, Omega 6,) some are very benifitial to the cognitive areas of the brain, aiding in memory retention, and strengthening the immune system. Some types of fat are actually harmful to the human brain and body functions when ingested in large amounts, such as corn oil. Helpful forms of Omega can be found in fish like salmon, nuts, and coconut oil.
Why ribosomes make protein?
Ribosomes are protein factory that synthesize proteins from amino acids (no other organelle can do this). Ribosomes structures containing site for protein production. when the mRNA exported to cytoplasm, ribosomes sense it and bind to start protein synthesis.
What does tRNA have that mRNA does not have?
tRNA has a specific anticodon sequence that complements the mRNA codons, enabling it to bring specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. mRNA does not have this complementary sequence to directly bind with amino acids.
What is the function of glucocorticoids?
Glucocorticoids are defined as a class of steroid hormones that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor, which is present in almost every vertebrate animal cell. They enable the body to deal with stress by increasing blood glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid levels and enhancing blood pressure.
