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The primary food molecules broken down for cellular energy are carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Carbohydrates are converted into glucose, which can be used in cellular respiration to produce ATP. Fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol, while proteins are degraded into amino acids; both can be utilized for energy or converted into glucose or other metabolites. This metabolic process allows cells to generate the energy necessary for various functions.

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