0
What else can I help you with?
Which type of hormone requires a second messenger?
Peptide or protein hormones require a second messenger to transmit their signal inside the cell. Upon binding to their receptor on the cell surface, these hormones activate intracellular signaling pathways that use second messengers like cAMP or Ca2+ to propagate the signal and elicit a cellular response.
Process during translation does no?
During translation, a ribosome reads the messenger RNA (mRNA) and uses the information to assemble a sequence of amino acids, which form a protein. Transfer RNA (tRNA) delivers the corresponding amino acids to the ribosome, based on the mRNA codons. This process continues until a stop codon is reached, signaling the end of protein synthesis.
What is the function of protein synthesis in an animal cell?
Protein synthesis in an animal cell is the process by which cells make proteins from amino acids based on instructions stored in the DNA. Proteins are essential for various cellular functions, such as structure, enzymes, signaling, and transport within the cell and throughout the body.
What element is based on the amino group of an amino acid?
nitrogenAmino acids are made up of a carbon atom with four groups attached: an amino group, an acid group, a hydrogen atom, and an R group. The amino group is made up of one nitrogen atom with three hydrogen atoms attached to it.
What is protein based on?
In a chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
Why can steroid and thyroid hormones but not amino acid-based hormones move across cell membranes?
Steroid and thyroid hormones are lipid soluble, allowing them to diffuse directly across cell membranes. Amino acid-based hormones are water soluble and require specific receptor-mediated mechanisms to enter cells.
Why does most amino acid based hormones bind to cell membrane receptors?
Most amino acid-based hormones are hydrophilic molecules that cannot pass through the cell membrane. Therefore, these hormones bind to specific cell membrane receptors to initiate a signaling cascade within the cell. This binding triggers a series of events that ultimately lead to changes in gene expression, protein synthesis, or other cellular responses.
What are thyroid hormones based on?
Thyroid hormones are made in the thyroid gland and are based on on the tyrosine amino acid composed of DNA base TAT or TAC. This gland usually secretes hormones which work toward Metabolism.
What are the hormones that are amino acid derivative?
Some examples of hormones that are derived from amino acids include epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and thyroid hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are synthesized from tyrosine or tryptophan amino acids.
Which type of hormone requires a second messenger?
Peptide or protein hormones require a second messenger to transmit their signal inside the cell. Upon binding to their receptor on the cell surface, these hormones activate intracellular signaling pathways that use second messengers like cAMP or Ca2+ to propagate the signal and elicit a cellular response.
Chemically hormones belong chiefly to two molecular groups called?
steroids and peptides. Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and include molecules like estrogen and testosterone, while peptide hormones are made up of amino acids and include molecules like insulin and growth hormone. Both types of hormones play crucial roles in regulating various physiological processes in the body.
What ion is sometimes used as a second messenger of amino acid based hormones?
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is commonly used as a second messenger of amino acid-based hormones in signal transduction pathways. It can regulate various cellular processes by binding to and activating downstream effectors such as protein kinases and phosphatases.
Hormones are classified as?
Hormones are classified as chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands that regulate various physiological processes in the body. They can be further categorized as steroid hormones, peptide hormones, and amines based on their chemical structure.
What is the difference between receptors for steroid hormones and Peptide hormone?
Peptide based hormones exert their effects on a cell by way of second messengers (cAMP or PIP) pathways. Steroid based hormones exert their effects on a target cell via direct gene activation.
The amino group of an amino acid is based on which element?
nitrogin
What is the difference and similarities between non steroid hormones and steroid hormones?
Different chemical classes of hormones are made from different substrates and are soluble in different solvents. Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol and include: testosterone, aldosterone, cortisol, estradiol and progesterone. They are soluble in lipids (fat-soluble) and can therefore be administered orally. Other kinds of hormones, eg: tyrosine-based hormones and protein hormones, are made from different substances (eg: amino acids) and may be water soluble and therefore cannot be administered orally.
What plays a role in synthesis of steroid based hormones and protein?
The Smooth endoplasmic Reticulum, catalyze reactions involved with: synthesis of steroid based hormones like sex hormones.
