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To sublime iodine, the attractive forces that must be overcome are primarily the van der Waals forces, which are weak intermolecular forces resulting from temporary dipoles induced in the iodine molecules. These forces hold the iodine molecules together in the solid state. During sublimation, sufficient energy is required to break these interactions, allowing the iodine to transition directly from a solid to a gaseous state.
What else can I help you with?
Why is the boiling point of chlorine lower than iodine?
The boiling point of chlorine is lower than that of iodine primarily due to differences in molecular size and intermolecular forces. Chlorine (Cl₂) is a smaller molecule with weaker London dispersion forces compared to iodine (I₂), which is larger and has stronger van der Waals forces due to its greater number of electrons. As a result, less energy is required to overcome the intermolecular forces in chlorine, leading to its lower boiling point.
Why does iodine exist as a solid crystal which sublimes?
Iodine exists as a solid crystal due to its molecular structure, where diatomic iodine (I₂) molecules are held together by weak van der Waals forces. These intermolecular forces allow the solid to maintain a crystalline structure while still being susceptible to sublimation, a process where the solid transitions directly to gas without becoming liquid. The relatively low boiling point of iodine allows it to sublime at room temperature, making it unique among the halogens. Thus, when heated or exposed to low pressure, iodine readily sublimates into a violet vapor.
Would you expect the melting point of iodine to be higher or lower?
The melting point of iodine is relatively low compared to many other elements, primarily due to its molecular structure and weak van der Waals forces between iodine molecules. As a non-metal, iodine exists as diatomic molecules (I2), which require less energy to overcome these intermolecular forces. Therefore, compared to metals or ionic compounds, iodine's melting point is lower. Thus, if comparing iodine to elements with stronger bonding, one would expect its melting point to be lower.
How many substances sublime?
There are various substances that can sublime, including iodine, dry ice (solid carbon dioxide), and camphor. Sublimation is the process where a substance transitions directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase.
What are the four substances that sublime?
Carbon dioxide (CO2), iodine (I2), "moth balls," which are mostly naphthalene (C10H8), and arsenic (As) at really high temperatures.
What causes iodine sublime to deposit?
Iodine sublimes because it changes directly from a solid to a gas without going through a liquid phase. When the solid iodine is heated, the intermolecular forces are overcome, and the iodine molecules gain enough energy to escape in the form of gas. The gas cools down upon contact with a cooler surface, leading to the deposition of solid iodine crystals.
Why iodine is solid and fluorine is gas at room temperature?
Iodine is a solid because it has a larger mass number than fluorine. (Iodine=126.9 where as fluoine=19). This means that it will have more induced dipole-induced dipole attractions, compared to flourine. So more attractions need to be overcome in iodine than flourine, meaning there needs to be more energy to overcome the attractive forces. So there will be enough energy at room temperature to overcome the forces of attraction between flourine, making it a gas in nature. However there is not enough energy at room temperature to overcome the attractive forces between iodine, making it a solid at room temperature. Hope that answered your question.
What temperature does iodine begin to sublime?
Vaporization of iodine occur after 113 oC.
Is a halogen whose crystals sublime?
Yes, halogens, such as iodine and bromine, can sublime directly from a solid to a gas phase without passing through the liquid phase. This process occurs due to the weak intermolecular forces between the halogen molecules.
What element is a halogen whose crystals sublime?
Iodine is a halogen whose crystals sublime. When iodine is heated, it changes directly from a solid to a gaseous state without passing through a liquid phase.
How will you separate iodine and salt mixture?
heat the mixture iodine will sublime collect the iodine vapour separately and cool
Which substance will sublime at 298K?
Iodine sublimes at 298K. Sublimation is the process in which a substance transitions directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid state.
Does iodine sublimed?
Yes, mercury can sublime.
What is the common property of iodine and naphthalene?
they both sublime, in which the solid particles will change directly into gas.
How can iodine crystal be remove from the mixture?
Iodine crystals can be removed from a mixture by sublimation, where the crystals are heated to turn directly into vapour without melting. The vapour can then be condensed back into solid iodine crystals. This technique allows for the separation of iodine from other components in the mixture.
Why is heat required to melt an iodine crystal?
Heat is required to melt an iodine crystal because melting involves breaking the forces of attraction between iodine molecules in the crystal structure. When heat is applied, it adds energy to the crystal, allowing the molecules to overcome these forces and transition from a solid to a liquid state.
Why are the physical states of chlorine and iodine different at room temperature?
The physical states of chlorine and iodine are different at room temperature due to differences in their intermolecular forces. Chlorine is a diatomic gas because the weak van der Waals forces between chlorine molecules at room temperature are easily overcome. In contrast, iodine is a solid at room temperature because the stronger van der Waals forces hold the iodine molecules together in a solid lattice structure.
