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Africa is a continent it contains 61 political territories (including 54 countries) it represents the largest of the great southward projections from the main mass of Earth's surface.

It includes, an area of 30,368,609 km² including adjacent islands.

Africa is roughly triangular and is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea in the north, the Atlantic Ocean on the West and the Indian Ocean on the East.

Africa is intersected through the middle by the Equator, to the north by the Tropic of Cancer and to the south by the Tropic of Capricorn.

The northern part of the continent is characterized by the largest dry desert on earth, the Sahara, which extends east to west over the continent. Below the Sahara sits the Sahel, a sprawling grassland that blends into the African Savannah.

The central portions of the continent are characterized by sub and tropical rainforests. In this region are the origins of the Nile River (White and Blue Nile), the longest river in the world, which flows south to north through the north eastern regions of the continent.

The southern parts of the continent are also in general dry and arid and characterized by two smaller deserts. dry yet grassy

Up the east cost of the continent stretches the Great Rift Valley, a fault rift depression; stretching along the length of the fault are a number of small dormant and extinct volcanoes.

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