The mice injected with mixture died
The molecule that caused transformation in Griffith's mouse experiment was DNA. When heat-killed S strain bacteria (which had DNA) were mixed with live R strain bacteria (which did not), the DNA from the dead S strain bacteria was able to transfer genetic information to the live R strain bacteria, making them pathogenic.
Water can kill a significant percentage of bacteria depending on the type and concentration of bacteria present. While some bacteria can survive and even thrive in water, others may be effectively killed by exposure to water through processes like drowning, desiccation, or osmotic shock. Overall, water has the potential to reduce bacterial populations in an environment.
It depends on how much heat is added. Most pathogenic bacteria are mesophiles, meaning that they thrive in medium temperatures. The optimal temperature is about 37 °C (99 °F), which is understandable considering that is our normal body temperature. Pathogenes in food are required to be killed off with 72 °C for 16 seconds, 70 °C for 2 minutes or 63 °C for 30 min. Regulations depend on country. This does not kill all pathogens, but enough to make it risk free to consume; one wants to reduce the adverse effect on taste at the same time. For conserves a higher temperature is prescribed: 121 °C. Freezing and dry heat are not safe ways to kill bacteria, as they can survive in an extremely resistant spore state (endospores). At 150 °C the DNA starts to be destroyed, however. If you heat bacteria using flame, such as with an inoculating loop over a Bunsen burner, they will be incinerated and die. Most bacteria are washed off, not killed, when you wash your hands. Usually shower and bath water is not hot enough to kill bacteria either. Alcohol is antiseptic, however. Some thermophilic bacterialike organisms can tolerate volcanic temperatures (to 130 °C), but these are archaea that will not harm anyone.
i obtain pure culture of bacteria from a mixed culture for obtain pure one bacterial culture
Sodium bicarbonate increases the pH of water.
This experiment was conducted by Frederick Griffith in 1928. He observed that when he mixed a harmless strain of bacteria with a heat-killed virulent strain, the harmless bacteria were transformed into a virulent form. This led to the hypothesis that something in the heat-killed bacteria had transformed the live bacteria.
mixed with sterile water for injection
Frederick Griffith hypothesized that live, harmless bacteria and the heat-killed bacteria were mixed, some factor was transferred from the heat-killed cells into the live cells! it has nothing to do with bats flying thru walls!!
You
You
The molecule that caused transformation in Griffith's mouse experiment was DNA. When heat-killed S strain bacteria (which had DNA) were mixed with live R strain bacteria (which did not), the DNA from the dead S strain bacteria was able to transfer genetic information to the live R strain bacteria, making them pathogenic.
The mixed culture likely contained multiple species of bacteria, as mixed cultures can consist of various bacterial strains coexisting together. It is difficult to determine the exact number of different bacteria present without further analysis such as culture, staining, or genetic tests.
Avery and his group identified the transformation principle through a series of experiments in the 1940s. They utilized heat-killed virulent strains of bacteria and mixed them with live non-virulent strains. The resulting transformation of the non-virulent bacteria into virulent forms indicated that some substance from the heat-killed bacteria was responsible for this genetic change. Their work provided strong evidence that DNA was the carrier of genetic information.
Water can kill a significant percentage of bacteria depending on the type and concentration of bacteria present. While some bacteria can survive and even thrive in water, others may be effectively killed by exposure to water through processes like drowning, desiccation, or osmotic shock. Overall, water has the potential to reduce bacterial populations in an environment.
Ikd
The difference between "walking pneumonia" and "true pneumonia".
Mixed = many species Enteric = from the intestines Flora = bacteria (in this sense) Sounds like a UTI caused by a bunch of different kinds of intestinal bacteria.