We call these frameshift mutations. Since the genetic code is read in threes (codons) any sort of shift will cause the code to be incorrect.
Here is an example of one sentence with words of only three letters:The big red pig ate the red rag. Each word will make one amino acid and the words make a sentence that makes sense. But a frameshift might make the sentence totally readable: The big res dpi gat eth ere dra g.
It would depend on the degree and time frame of change and how that change was brought about. The rotation of the earth is very slowly changing. It is slowing down.
Yes. Nucleotides are read in triplet code (i.e. AAA, CCC) and each set of three nucleotides represents an amino acid. Therefore if you had a line of nucleotides, and you removed or added one in the line you would be changing how the code is read. Observe if you had ACGAGUGAU. It is read as ACG-AGU-GAU - which represents threonine-serine-aspartic acid. Now, if we remove the first A, the new code is CGAGUGAU to which the reading frame is - CGA-GUG-AU. This would even change the amino acids the code was describing. It is now - Argenine-Valine and an incomplete third code.
If a guanine (G) nucleotide were added to the original DNA strand after the third base, the resulting mRNA would have an additional guanine, changing the sequence from what it would have been. This frameshift mutation could alter the reading frame of the codons during translation, potentially leading to a completely different amino acid sequence downstream. As a result, the protein produced could be nonfunctional or have altered properties, depending on the extent of the changes caused by the addition.
Yes, a 3-nucleotide insertion would typically result in a frameshift mutation because it would disrupt the reading frame of the genetic code. This can lead to a different sequence of amino acids being produced during translation and potentially alter the function of the resulting protein.
increasing the number of hormone molecules in a colony
yes it would
IT is an ever-changing field. By the time you finished reading a more specific answer, it would be wrong.
It effect the environment by changing how they would dress and maybe what job they may have
It's not really clear what you are asking about. But you can use the same components even if the material of the frame is different. Basically you can use the same parts in a steel frame as you would in an aluminum frame - assuming the physical fit is the same.
yes. Because the 1 nucleotide is not evenly divided by 3, the reading frame would not be in the same place, resulting in a new translation for the remaining sequence.
The insulin would regulate the blood glucose level and this will give the correct reading.
However, if you were to stop there you would get a "frame effect" because the rest of your wall is to be painted with a roller, which will yield a noticeably different texture.
A silent mutation, where a nucleotide substitution results in a codon that codes for the same amino acid, would not change the remainder of the reading frame of a gene sequence. This is because the amino acid sequence produced by the altered codon remains the same.
chemical digestion
No, changing the position of the voltmeter in a circuit can affect the reading due to the resistance and voltage drop across different components. It's essential to place the voltmeter in parallel with the component or points being measured to get an accurate reading.
What are the reactants and products? What effect do you think changing the amount of denture cleaner would have on time the rocket is in the air? If you keep the amount of water constant, do you think there is a maximum amount of denture cleaner that would work? At what point on the graph would the amount of denture cleaner would no longer have an effect of the time the rocket is in the air? Make a mark on the graph in green.
It would depend on the degree and time frame of change and how that change was brought about. The rotation of the earth is very slowly changing. It is slowing down.