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In the electron transport chain, NADH and FADH2 serve as the primary electron carriers that enter the system. Each NADH can generate approximately 2.5 ATP molecules, while FADH2 contributes about 1.5 ATP. These carriers donate electrons to the chain, facilitating the pumping of protons across the mitochondrial membrane, which ultimately drives ATP synthesis through ATP synthase. The overall process is a key component of cellular respiration, contributing to the energy yield from glucose metabolism.
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Most energy that enters electron transport enters as?
Most energy that enters the electron transport chain comes from the oxidation of glucose during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. This energy is then transferred to the electron carriers NADH and FADH2, which deliver the electrons to the electron transport chain to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
List the products of glycolysis what is the role of each of these products in cellular respiration?
The products of glycolysis are 2 molecules of ATP, 2 molecules of NADH, and 2 molecules of pyruvate. ATP provides energy for cellular functions, NADH transfers electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production, and pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle to generate more ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What Two products of glycolysis may be transported into the mitochondria for further proccessing?
The two products of glycolysis that may be transported into the mitochondria for further processing are pyruvate and NADH. Pyruvate enters the mitochondria where it is converted to acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle for further energy production. NADH is used in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What creates energy for the cell to use?
Cellular Respiration is the process in the cell that creates energy (ATP). Cellular Respiration is broken up into three stages; Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and is responsible for the net formation of 2 ATP molecules. The process then enters the matrix of the mitochondria where the Krebs Cycle takes place. The Krebs Cycle is responsible for the formation of 4 ATP molecules. Finally, the Electron Transport Chain is responsible for the formation of 30 ATP molecules. Therefore, for each cycle of cellular respiration, 36 molecules of ATP are produced in the cell.
What process do food molecules undergo when they enter the cell?
When food molecules enter the cell, they undergo a process called cellular respiration. This process begins with glycolysis, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate in the cytoplasm, producing small amounts of ATP (energy). Pyruvate then enters the mitochondria, where it undergoes further oxidation in the Krebs cycle, producing electron carriers like NADH and FADH2. These carriers then drive the electron transport chain, ultimately generating a large amount of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Most energy that enters electron transport enters as?
Most energy that enters the electron transport chain comes from the oxidation of glucose during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. This energy is then transferred to the electron carriers NADH and FADH2, which deliver the electrons to the electron transport chain to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
List the products of glycolysis what is the role of each of these products in cellular respiration?
The products of glycolysis are 2 molecules of ATP, 2 molecules of NADH, and 2 molecules of pyruvate. ATP provides energy for cellular functions, NADH transfers electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production, and pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle to generate more ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What happens when oxygen is present and includes glycolysis and Krebs cylcle and Electron transport?
In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis breaks down glucose to produce pyruvate which then enters the Krebs cycle. In the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is further broken down to produce ATP, NADH, and FADH2. These electron carriers then enter the electron transport chain where they donate electrons to generate more ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What are the three stages of aerobic respiration?
The first stage is the break down of glucose. The second stage is the Krebs Cycle which breaks down the pyruvic acid. The third stage is the electron transport system which occurs in O2 and in the mitochondria.
What happens after glycolysis if oxygen is available?
If oxygen is available, the pyruvate produced during glycolysis enters the mitochondria and undergoes aerobic respiration. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle to generate more ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. This process enables the efficient extraction of energy from glucose molecules.
How many ATP are generated in aerobic phase of respiration?
The aerobic phase of respiration, which is the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, generates approximately 34 to 38 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose through the process of chemiosmosis.
What creates energy in cells?
Cellular Respiration is the process in the cell that creates energy (ATP). Cellular Respiration is broken up into three stages; Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and is responsible for the net formation of 2 ATP molecules. The process then enters the matrix of the mitochondria where the Krebs Cycle takes place. The Krebs Cycle is responsible for the formation of 4 ATP molecules. Finally, the Electron Transport Chain is responsible for the formation of 30 ATP molecules. Therefore, for each cycle of cellular respiration, 36 molecules of ATP are produced in the cell.
What Two products of glycolysis may be transported into the mitochondria for further proccessing?
The two products of glycolysis that may be transported into the mitochondria for further processing are pyruvate and NADH. Pyruvate enters the mitochondria where it is converted to acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle for further energy production. NADH is used in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
How are organic molecules such as glucose fatty acids and amino acids used by glycolysis and Kreb's cycle to produce usable energy?
Organic molecules like glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids are broken down through glycolysis and Kreb's cycle to produce usable energy in the form of ATP. In glycolysis, glucose is metabolized to produce pyruvate, which then enters the Kreb's cycle to generate high-energy molecules like NADH and FADH2. These molecules carry electrons to the electron transport chain, where ATP is generated through oxidative phosphorylation.
What high energy electron carrier produces fewer atp's than nadh as its electrons pass through the electron transport chain?
FADH2 is the high energy electron carrier that produces fewer ATPs than NADH as its electrons pass through the electron transport chain. This is because FADH2 enters the electron transport chain at a later stage, leading to fewer ATP molecules being generated during oxidative phosphorylation.
Why does fadh2 produce fewer ATP molecules than nadh?
NADH produces 3 ATPs because it donates the proton at a "higher" location in the electron transport chain than does FADH2, which is why FADH2 produce only 2 ATPs. NADH and FADH2 donates electrons and protons into the electron transport chain.
What is the sequence of reactions in which glucose is broken down into smaller molecules?
The sequence of reactions in which glucose is broken down into smaller molecules is primarily glycolysis, followed by the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) and oxidative phosphorylation. In glycolysis, one glucose molecule is converted into two molecules of pyruvate, generating ATP and NADH. The pyruvate then enters the mitochondria, where it is further oxidized in the citric acid cycle, producing additional NADH and FADH2. Finally, these electron carriers enter oxidative phosphorylation, where ATP is generated through the electron transport chain.
